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History of money: Germany

From the first coins to today – and where to find coin dealers.

For centuries, the German lands had hundreds of mints: emperors, princes, bishops and free cities all struck their own pfennigs, groschen, thalers and gulden. This variety makes 'Old German' coins from before 1871 one of the largest collecting fields in the world.

After unification, the Coinage Act of 1873 introduced the mark of 100 pfennig on the gold standard. The hyperinflation of 1923 destroyed the paper mark; it was followed by the Rentenmark and in 1924 the Reichsmark. On 20 June 1948 the currency reform introduced the Deutsche Mark in the western zones, while East Germany had its own mark until monetary union on 1 July 1990.

Germany adopted the euro in 2002 (1.95583 Deutsche Mark per euro). Collectors look for imperial gold coins, silver 5-mark pieces, early Deutsche Mark coins and the mint letters A, D, F, G and J that still appear on German euro coins.

Coin dealers – Germany

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